 |
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
|
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
|
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
|
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
|
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
|
*1Dr.
Vaibhavi M. Aphale and 2Dr.
Vivek Gokhale
1MD Scholar.
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
2M.D. Ph.D (Dravya),
Asso-Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
Article Received on 22 Feb
2016,
Revised on 12 March 2016,
Accepted on 03April 2016
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20164-6518
*Correspondence for Author
Dr. Vaibhavi M. Aphale MD
Scholar. Asso- Professor. Department of Dravyaguna, B.V.D.U.C.O.A. PUNE.
ABSTRACT
With rapid economic development and increasing westernisation of
lifestyle in past few decades, prevalence of Lifestyle Disorders such as
Hypertension, DM, Arthritis, Obesity associated with Cardiovascular disorders,
PCOD, Cancer etc. have risen alarmingly in recent years due to Stress,
Sedentary lifestyle etc. Ayurveda is a life science which describes ways to
prevent Lifestyle disorders in the form of proper dietary management, lifestyle
advices etc. In cases where already diseases have taken place various medicinal
treatments & Panchakarma are adviced
in Ayurveda. Ayurveda has explained importance of Sadvrittacharana by following
Dinacharya & Rutucharya which helps in prevention of any kind of diseases
which may take place in future. Main reason behind any disease is Mithya,
Hina or Atiyoga of Kaala, Artha & Karma. Also not
following basic rules of Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Vega dharana leads to vishama
avastha of Doshas which ultimately results in Roga/Disease. In Brihattrayi, each
stage of Dinacharya (Daily regime), their uses etc. Rutucharya i.e rules to be
followed according to Rutu (Seasonal regime), Do’s & Don’ts for each Season
has been specifically mentioned; also Panchakarma & Rasayana chikitsa for
specific disease has been explained. This paper deals in length about following
Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aachar Rasayana as explained in Ayurveda, in day to day
life for prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
KEYWORDS: Lifestyle diseases, Ayurveda, Sadvrittacharana.
INTRODUCTION
LIFESTYLE DISEASES
•
Diet &
Lifestyle are the major factors to influence susceptibility of many diseases.
•
PCOD,
DM, Carcinoma, Arthritis, Renal failure, Atherosclerosis, Hypertension etc. are
the diseases which has emerged as Lifestyle diseases due to westernization,
extreme stress & ignorance of Health.
•
Causes of Lifestyle diseases
A sedentary lifestyle combined with an increase in the consumption
of fatty food and alcohol is to blame
•
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
Lifestyle diseases are a result of
an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment.
•
Onset of these lifestyle diseases
is insidious, delayed development, and they are difficult to cure.
Aim of
Ayurveda
•
Aim of Ayurveda
It is of 2 types - Preventive & Curative aspect.
•
Prevention of Lifestyle diseases.
Ayurveda insists on preventing diseases, either physical
or mental - first. Accordingly in Charaka samhita the first Adhyaya or chapter
in Chikitsasthana is written about Rasayana to prevent diseases. Even in
Sutrasthana the concepts of Swasthvrutta are discussed within first 10 Adhyaya
or chapters. It indicates the importance of prevention of diseases over their
treatment.
•
Cause of any Disease according
to Ayurveda.
•
Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
•
Pradnyaparadha
•
Parinama i.e Kaala
These 3 are the vikalpa, Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of above Hetu results
in Vyadhi utpatti.
Ø Asatmendriyartha Samyoga
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga of any Indriya & Indriyartha,
leads to diseases related to that respective Indriya such as Atiyoga of
Rasanendriya due to Atibhojana may lead to Vyadhis such as Ajeerna, Chardi,
Atisara etc.
Ø Pradnyaparadha
Vegavarodha, Ati-sahasa sevana, Mithyoga of Panchakarma,
Ati-maithuna, Sadvritta tyaga such Hetu sevana leads to Raja-Tamo guna vriddhi
resulting in various diseases.
Ø Parinama (Kaala)
Heena/Mithya/Atiyoga
of Lakshana of Kaala i.e Shadrutu leads to various diseases. Out of above 3
Hetu, Parinama(Kaala) is a Nishpratikriya Hetu i.e it is not in our hands but
remaining 2 Hetu (Asatmendriyartha Samyoga & Pradnyaparadha), can be avoided
by Sadvrittacharana, so diseases could be avoided.
Preventive aspect includes, rules mentioned in Trayopastambha. Rules related to Aahar, Nidra & Brahmacharya.
•
Aahar includes Aahar vidhi,
Matrayukta Aahar sevana, knowledge of Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya, Virruddha
Anna etc.
•
Rasa related to Aahar &
Aushadhi Dravya are responsible for Swasthya. So proper use of Shadrasa is
insisted by considering Prakriti, Satmyasatmya, Viruddha etc. Such as, Vata
Prakriti has affinity for Madhura, Amla & Lavana Rasa; Pitta Prakriti has
affinity for Madhura, Tikta & Kashaya Rasa; Kapha Prakriti for Katu, Tikta
& Kashaya Rasa.
•
In Charaka Samhita Sutrasthana,
Hitakara & Ahitakara Dravya are
specifically mentioned. Following this advice will lead to maintainance
of Health. Also Agrya Sangraha is mentioned by Acharya in which Uttama/Agrya
Karma of specific Dravyas have been mentioned.
•
Dietic Incompatibility i.e concept
of Viruddha should also be considered as these days it is the main cause for
various diseases.
•
Rules related to Nidra, Maithuna are explained in
Ratricharya & Sadvritta.
SADVRITTACHARANA – it includes
•
Dinacharya (Daily
Regime)
•
Rutucharya (Seasonal Regime)
•
Sadvritta i.e
Aachar Rasayan
Dinacharya & Rutucharya are described for maintainance of Physical
Health while Sadvritta is described for maintainance of sound mental health.
Main Aim for adapting these conducts is to maintain Dosha in
Samyavastha. With the help of samyak Rasa sevana this equilibrium can be
maintained.
•
Dinacharya
Scientific evidences are available emphasising importance of
Dinacharya in ones life. Following are various Vidhi which should be included
in Daily regime.
Ø
Dantadhavana
It is adviced to clean teeth & oral cavity early
morning by herbs which are Kashaya-Tikta- Katu rasatmaka. As these rasa are
Kaphahara & Keldaghna they help in pacifying Kapha Dosha.
So, in day to life it can be related as toothpaste which are Madhura
rasatmaka should be avoided. As it will negate the main purpose of Dantadhavana.
•
Anjana– Use of
Sauveeranjana & Rasanjana is adviced to maintain health of Eyes.
•
Dhoomapana,
Gandusha - Doomapana is also indicated in Kaphavata Avastha by
Katu- Tikta-Kashaya Rasa dravya mainly.
•
Abhyanga
– Daily Abhyanga is adviced as it is Jara-Shrama-Vatahara,
Pushtikara, Tvachya, Sharir Dardhyakrita.
•
Vyayama - Vyayama should be
done as Ardhashakti.
•
Udvartana
- Udvartana is the application or rubbing of dry Choorna or
powder on the skin externally.Udvartana is for Medoghna-Twakprasadana action by
Katu-Tikta- Kashaya Rasa dravya like Musta etc. as these are Kaphahara in nature.
•
Snana– Snana relieves
stiffness, causes Vata Shamana.
•
Many Panchakarma procedures are
included in Dinacharya such as Nasya, Dhoomapana, Anjana etc. Inclusion of these karma in daily regime specifies
their importance in Prevention of diseases.
Rutucharya
•
In Ayurveda, the knowledge of
Rutucharya is a first hand guide to the concept which describes the modes and
stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different
Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha in accordance with the changes in Rutu. A good
understanding of it, is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis
of any disease & for adopting preventive and curative measures.
•
It
is to be
known that disharmony
in the Doshas—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha results in Roga (disease). And aim of Ayurveda is
to maintain this harmony. With changes in
diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha,
resulting in disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Rutu acts as Vyanjaka or
Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease.
•
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
Shadrutu as explained in our
Samhitas are observed in Indian Sub-continent only. So Dosha avastha such as
Sanchaya, Prakopa, Prasara according to Rutu as stated in Ayurveda &
treatment according to it should be followed. In other continents, seasons are different
so accordingly by minute observations related to Dosha dushti, their lakshana,
avastha should be taken into account.
•
Rutucharya also shows many
important principles of correlation of Rasa-Dosha. Each Rutu shows the
dominance of a specific Rasa. Shishira-Vasant-Greeshma belongs to Aadanakala as
the Bala or energy level is diminishing day by day. On the contrary, Varsha-Sharada-Hemant
belongs to Visargakala as the Bala is getting aggravated gradually. So the
dominance of Rasa is present as follows-
Ø Shishira – Tikta
Ø Vasanta - Kashaya
Ø Grishma – Katu
Ø Varsha - Amla
Ø Sharad - Lavana
Ø Hemanta – Madhura
•
So, consuming specific Rasa &
avoiding Aahar with specific Rasa according to Rutu should be followed. If not,
it may result in Dosha dushti. Such as in Sharad Rutu, Lavana Rasa dominance
can be seen due to Aatapa, resulting in Pitta prakopa hence to pacify Pitta,
Madhura-Tikta-Kashaya rasa are adviced as chikitsa.
•
Similarly, in Vasanta Rutu Kapha
prakopa takes place hence Kaphaghna rasa such as Tikta-Katu-Kashaya are adviced
in diet. Sheeta, Snigdha, Guru & Madhura rasatmaka aahar is adviced to be
avoided as it can furthur cause Kaphaja Vyadhi.
•
With global warming and variation
in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of
Rutucharya in the present scenario. It is
to be understood that the background on which Rutucharya is based, that is,
Dosha and Panchamahabhuta theory. Although
today Rutu do not follow
uniformity, the level
of Dosha dushti
and Panchamahabhuta lakshana can be analyzed accordingly, to decide
the regimen, this knowledge of Ayurveda will be the pathfinder.
Sadvritta
Sadvritta means
physical & mental decorum which should be followed by everyone on daily
basis. In Charak Samhita Sutrasthan detailed description of Sadvritta has been
stated. In which.
•
Behavioural Do’s & Don’t’s
•
Eating etiquettes
•
Social rules
•
Rules for Study, Havana Karma
•
Guidelines for Chastity etc.
In Indriyopakramaniya adhyaya Acharya Charak has
explained the importance of Sadvritta as by following these rules one will lead
a healthy life without suffering from any diseases also For Moksha prapti
Sadvritta should be followed.
It can be interpreted as by following these rules a man can achieve
all his goals with sound mind & body.
Aachar Rasayana is behavioural conduct i.e Sadvritta following it acts as Rasayana
on our body & mind.
In Charak Samhita Chikitsasthana Rasayanadhyaya, Aachar
Rasayana has been explained which is nothing but the mental hygeine to be
followed by definite methods to lead an ideal ethical way of living. Such
physical & behavioural conduct definitely leads to a life with Rasayna
effect.
Achara Rasayana may act as a Rasayana by 3 paths
•
Improves the personality
•
Improves social relations
•
Improves physical
health
CONCLUSION
Ø
The behavioural conducts are the
effective preventive principles for psycological disorders especially at
primary prevention levels. These can be propogated through interventions like
individual education, Mass education etc.
Ø
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
Ayurveda views each
individual with a unique mind-body constitution. So, with appropriate use of
Ayurvedic preventive measures such as Dinacharya, Rutucharya, Aahar Vidhi & respective therapeutic
measures for diseases such as Shamana chikitsa or Shodhana i.e. Panchakarma
chikitsa, Lifestyle Diseases may be prevented.
REFERENCES
1.
‘Ashtanga Hridaya’, Commentary by
Arundatta ‘Sarvangasundar’ & Hemadri ‘Ayurved Rasayan’ (Edition 6th, Reprint
2010), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi.
2.
‘SarthaVagbhat’ & its Marathi
translation by Ganesh Krishna Garde (Reprint 2002), Rajesh Prakashan, Pune.
3.
‘Charak
Samhita of Agnivesha’
by Dr.Brahmananda Tripathi
(Edition 5th, 1997),
Chaukhamba
Publications, Varanasi.
4.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Acharya
Priyavrat Sharma (Edition), Chaukhamba Publications, Varanasi, 2012; 1and2.
5.
Dravya Guna Vigyana, by Dr. A. P.
Deshpande (Edition), Anmol Publications, Pune, 2006; 1 and 2.
